Incineration of Inedible Biomass in a Regenerative Life Support System - Update of Development Activities at ARC 2001-01-2344

Of the many competing technologies for resource recovery from solid wastes for long duration manned missions such as a lunar or Mars base, incineration technology is one of the most promising and certainly the most well developed in a terrestrial sense.

Various factors are involved in the design of an optimum fluidized bed incinerator for inedible biomass. The factors include variability of moisture in the biomass, the ash content, and the amount of fuel nitrogen in the biomass. The crop mixture in the waste will vary; consequently the nature of the waste, the nitrogen content, and the biomass heating values will vary as well. Variation in feed will result in variation in the amount of contaminants such as nitrogen oxides that are produced in the combustion part of the incinerator. The incinerator must be robust enough to handle this variability. Research at NASA Ames Research Center using the fluidized bed incinerator has yielded valuable data on system parameters and variables. In the last year, process modifications were carried out to improve the energy efficiency and the contaminant cleanup of the existing fluidized bed incinerator. An experimental evaluation of the power usage and the catalytic cleanup by the system was conducted.