Burley, G., Kaye, A., and Lee, J., "The Roll-Forming of Thick Carbon/Epoxy Laminates," SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-2894, 2003, doi:10.4271/2003-01-2894.
This paper describes the results of a two-year research programme between Airbus UK and Cranfield University to investigate the feasibility of roll-forming carbon composite wing skin stiffeners.
An experimental roll-forming head was designed and built; the forming process investigated and a large number of, constant section, blade stiffeners manufactured. Different material forms and resin systems were trialed and the process parameters explored.
In all cases it was established that the roll-forming process works well and is extremely robust. In a surprise discovery, it was found that the manufacturing system can also produce tapered and stepped height blades.
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