Browse Publications Technical Papers 2005-01-2205
2005-05-11

Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Performance and Emission Measurements for Biodiesel (from Cooking Oil) Blends Used in the ECOBUS Project 2005-01-2205

This paper reports the results obtained in the ECOBUS Project. This project has been supported by the LIFE Program, one of the spearheads of European Union's environmental policy. The main aim for this project was to convert used cooking oil into biodiesel and then use this biodiesel in urban buses, contributing to reducing in one hand waste cooking oil that can create problems in the drainage city system and water contamination and on the other hand reducing engine polluting emissions.
Departamento de Máquinas y Motores Térmicos (DMMT) facilities at the Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (Spain) were used to conduct detailed performance and emission measurements in a Diesel engine similar to those used by the urban transport operator in Valencia (Empresa Municipal de Transporte, EMT). The test engines were operated with conventional Diesel fuel (EN 590) and three different biodiesel blends: 30, 50 and 70%, using the pure biodiesel obtained from used cooking oil (EN 14214). Tests were conducted using a modified year 2000 model, four stroke, 300 kW, Renault VI Diesel engine equipped with computer controlled electronic fuel injection system.
The engine was not operated according to a standard test routine. Instead, an specific transient cycle was defined representing standard Valencia city bus performance. Using this specific cycle, real emission differences between conventional Diesel fuel and biodiesel were evaluated. In a further step, the use of biodiesel will be evaluated on a field test, using 350 urban transit buses on real service in Valencia city.

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