Sasaki, S., Tonegawa, Y., and Nakajima, T., "Potential of Nanoparticle Formation by Vehicles," SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-0622, 2006, doi:10.4271/2006-01-0622.
For the better understanding of nanoparticles observed on the rode side, adding to the emission test on the chassis dynamometer and engine dynamometer test, possible factors for formation of nanoparticles are investigated. As other possible factors, cold starting of transient test cycle, blow-by gas from heavy duty diesel engine without a positive crankcase ventilation, exhaust braking, and plume mixing of vehicle exhausts were investigated. Nuclei mode particles under the transient test cycles formed during fuel cut period, fuel enrichment period and idling period. Concentration of nuclei mode particles during the idling period are depends on exhaust temperature. The higher exhaust temperature courses the lower number concentration but variation range is within twice. Emission rate of nanoparticles from blow-by gas is one thousandth of tail pipe emissions rate and was found to be negligible. Plume mixing of gasoline and diesel vehicle exhaust is not the factor of nanoparticle formation in a short time under this study condition.
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