Quantifying the Effects of Biodiesel Blend Ratio, at Varying Ambient Temperatures, on Vehicle Performance and Emissions
Date Published: 2009-06-15
Paper Number:2009-01-1893
DOI: 10.4271/2009-01-1893
Citation:
Bannister, C., Hawley, J., Ali, H., Chuck, C. et al., "Quantifying the Effects of Biodiesel Blend Ratio, at Varying Ambient Temperatures, on Vehicle Performance and Emissions," SAE Technical Paper 2009-01-1893, 2009, doi:10.4271/2009-01-1893.
Author(s):
C. D. Bannister - Univ. of Bath
J. G. Hawley - Univ. of Bath
H. M. Ali - Univ. of Bath
C. J. Chuck - Univ. of Bath
P. Price - Ford Motor Co.
A. J. Brown - BP
W. Pickford - BP
A number of studies have been carried out examining the impact of biodiesel blend ratio on vehicle performance and emissions, however there is relatively little data available on the interaction between blend ratio and reduced ambient temperatures over the New European Drive Cycle (NEDC).
This study examines the effects of increasing the blend ratio of Rapeseed Methyl Ester (RME) on the NEDC fuel consumption and tailpipe emissions of a vehicle equipped with a 2.0 litre common rail diesel engine, tested on a chassis dynamometer at ambient temperatures of 25, 10 & −5°C.
This study found that under low temperature ambient conditions increasing blend ratios had a significant detrimental effect on vehicle particulate emissions reversing the benefits observed at higher ambient temperatures. Blend ratio was found to have minimal impact on hydrocarbon emissions regardless of ambient temperature while carbon monoxide and NO
x
emissions were found to increase by up to 20% and 5.5% respectively. Fuel consumption rose by 5% for a B50 blend – a larger than expected increase when considering differences in calorific values alone.
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