Spacecraft Reliability + Man — Mission Success 640609

This paper discusses a concept of reliability, which includes the relationship of man to total system reliability, and the techniques and controls used to insure spacecraft mission success through reliability. Former maintainability concepts for weapon systems are reviewed briefly, pointing out their inadequacies for manned spacecraft. The reliability concepts for manned spacecraft which require that all systems function during a mission are examined. Examples of man's contribution to the reliability of aircraft and spacecraft systems are discussed. These concepts will permit achievement of mission success that approaches 100 percent, using hardware with a reliability of 80 percent. The method for integrating reliability concepts, step by step, into design analysis and review is discussed in detail as is the subsequent extension into test and redesign activities. The method for integrating man into the space system reveals his capability to manually override, maintain, and repair. This upgrades reliability and provides the means to assure mission success.