Human Subjects Concerns in Ground Based ECLSS Testing: Managing Uncertainty in Closely Recycled Systems
Date Published: 1990-07-01
Paper Number:901251
DOI: 10.4271/901251
Citation:
Crump, W., Thomas, L., and Janik, D., "Human Subjects Concerns in Ground Based ECLSS Testing: Managing Uncertainty in Closely Recycled Systems," SAE Technical Paper 901251, 1990, doi:10.4271/901251.
Author(s):
William J. Crump - University of Alabama
L. Dale Thomas - NASA-Marshall Space Flight Center
Daniel S. Janik - University of Alabama
U.S. space missions have to this point used water either made on board or carried from Earth and discarded after use. For Space Station Freedom, long duration life support will include air and water recycling using a series of physical-chemical subsystems. The Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) designed for this application must be tested extensively at all stages of hardware maturity. Human test subjects are required to conduct some of these tests, and the risks associated with the use of development hardware must be addressed.
Federal guidelines for protection of human subjects require careful consideration of risks and potential benefits by an Institutional Review Board (IRB)before and during testing. This paper reviews the ethical principles guiding this consideration, details the problems and uncertainties inherent in current hardware testing, and presents an incremental approach to risk assessment for ECLSS testing.
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