The Autoignition Behavior of Surrogate Diesel Fuel Mixtures and the Chemical Effects of 2-Ethylhexyl Nitrate (2-EHN) Cetane Improver 1999-01-1504

The oxidation of surrogate diesel fuels composed of mixtures of three pure hydrocarbons with and without their cetane numbers chemically enhanced using 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (2-EHN) is studied in a variable pressure flow reactor over a temperature range 500 - 900 K, at 12.5 atmospheres and a fixed reaction time of 1.8 sec. Changes in both low temperature, intermediate temperature, and hot ignition chemical kinetic behavior are noted with changes in the fuel cetane number. Differences appear in the product distribution and in heat release generated in the low and intermediate temperature regimes as cetane number is increased. A chemically enhanced cetane fuel shows nearly identical oxidation characteristics to those obtained using pure fuel blends to produce the enhanced cetane value.

The decomposition chemistry of 2-EHN was also studied. Pyrolysis data of 10% 2-EHN in n-heptane and toluene are reported. Experiments were conducted at atmospheric pressure in argon at temperatures from 400 - 850 K and at 12.5 atm pressure in nitrogen at temperatures from 450 - 700 K. Based upon these measurements, a phenomenological mechanism for the initial steps of 2-EHN decomposition is proposed.