Ultrasonic Sensor Modeling for Automatic Parallel Parking Systems in Passenger Cars 2007-01-1103
The performance of a parking system is dependent on many factors. One is the placement of the sensors. In this paper a system which uses ultrasonic ranging sensors is considered. The mounting of a ultrasonic sensor on a passenger vehicle is restricted by, among other factors, design, assembly process, enclosure cost and reliability. All of which must be considered when choosing optimal mounting locations.
The basis of this work includes a ray-trace based simulation environment which is used to capture the physical properties of sound traveling through air. The simulation environment together with sensor models, is used to evaluate the effect of different mounting positions on the accuracy of the detection of the parking space. The Hough transform is used here, as well as in the real system, in order to extract the confining lines of the parking space from the sensor measurements. The strength of these lines are then used to compare different sensor mounting locations.
The created simulation environment differs from other work in this area since it tries to capture the physical properties of the sound waves as opposed to the geometric-only approach. The emitted sound pulse is divided into a large number of rays, each with sound properties tied to them. These rays are then traced through a model of the parking space environment, reflections are calculated and finally the summarized echo into the listening sensor is calculated.
The simulation is implemented in 3D Studio MAX which make it relatively easy to create various realistic parking scenarios. An important factor for choosing 3D Studio MAX as the basis of the simulation environment was that it allowed for a new way of modeling ultrasonics using ray-tracing, and at the same time - using the same ray-tracing technology - excellent visualization capabilities.
Citation: Degerman, P., Pohl, J., and Sethson, M., "Ultrasonic Sensor Modeling for Automatic Parallel Parking Systems in Passenger Cars," SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-1103, 2007, https://doi.org/10.4271/2007-01-1103. Download Citation
Author(s):
Pär Degerman, Jochen Pohl, Magnus Sethson
Affiliated:
Linköping University
Pages: 9
Event:
SAE World Congress & Exhibition
ISSN:
0148-7191
e-ISSN:
2688-3627
Also in:
Infotainment Systems-PT-135, IVI Technology and Intelligent Transportation Systems-SP-2099
Related Topics:
Assembling
Sensors and actuators
Simulation and modeling
Imaging and visualization
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