Robust, Cost-Optimal and Compliant Engine and Aftertreatment Operation using Air-path Control and Tailpipe Emission Feedback 2016-01-0961
Heavy-duty diesel engines are used in a wide range of applications. For varying operating environments, the engine and aftertreatment system must comply with the real-world emission legislation limits. Simultaneously, minimal fuel consumption and good drivability are crucial for economic competitiveness and usability.
Meeting these requirements takes substantial development and calibration effort, and complying with regulations results in a trade-off between emissions and fuel consumption. TNO's Integrated Emission Management (IEM) strategy finds online, the cost-optimal point in this trade-off and is able to deal with variations in operating conditions, while complying with legislation limits. Based on the actual state of the engine and aftertreatment system, an optimal engine operating point is computed using a model-based optimal-control algorithm.
A novel feature introduced in this work is the addition of a feedback scheme to control the tailpipe NOx emissions through modification of the Lagrange multiplier in the optimal control algorithm. The Lagrange multiplier represents the penalty on tailpipe NOx emissions in the optimal control problem. This feature provides In-Service Conformity (ISC) in real-life operation and adds robustness, in terms of emissions, to system disturbances, such as production tolerances, system ageing and sensor or actuator errors.
The IEM strategy is a generic toolkit and can incorporate additional optimization variables, provided their effects are accurately represented by the online models of the engine and aftertreatment system. This can be used to include additional degrees of freedom such as fuel injection timing, pressure, pre- and post-injections and power-splits for hybrid drivelines. IEM is capable of real-time implementation and has previously been operated on an engine testbed, showing up to 2% reduction in fuel consumption that can be translated into a corresponding CO2 emission reduction.
Citation: Ramachandran, S., Hommen, G., Mentink, P., Seykens, X. et al., "Robust, Cost-Optimal and Compliant Engine and Aftertreatment Operation using Air-path Control and Tailpipe Emission Feedback," SAE Int. J. Engines 9(3):1662-1673, 2016, https://doi.org/10.4271/2016-01-0961. Download Citation
Author(s):
Satish Narayanan Ramachandran, Gillis Hommen, Paul Mentink, Xander Seykens, Frank Willems, Frank Kupper
Affiliated:
TNO Automotive
Pages: 12
Event:
SAE 2016 World Congress and Exhibition
ISSN:
1946-3936
e-ISSN:
1946-3944
Also in:
SAE International Journal of Engines-V125-3EJ, SAE International Journal of Engines-V125-3
Related Topics:
Fuel consumption
Diesel / compression ignition engines
Optimization
Fuel injection
Emissions
Mathematical models
Calibration
SAE MOBILUS
Subscribers can view annotate, and download all of SAE's content.
Learn More »