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The development of intelligent driver assistance mechanism ensures safety and comfort of passengers, the intelligent braking and maneuvering mechanism is proposed by transforming the anti-lock braking technology for a four wheeled vehicle. This paper presents an active safety mechanism which incorporates both steering and braking assistance system in a maneuvering vehicle. The algorithm of collision avoidance mechanism is featured and interfaced in an intelligent vehicle with short range radar to assist driving system of host vehicle based on predicted motion of sensed obstacles. The developed system will be activated for obstacles in front of the host vehicle within critical risk level. The intelligent braking mechanism plays a pivotal role at the time of emergency situation depending on the predicted collision time and relative velocity between host and target, it also provides assistance to avoid panic situation for driver.

Orbiting EDM introduces additional electrode motion to enhance debris removal mechanism during machining process. This method offers superior machining quality towards static EDM due to advancement of debris removal and subsequently becomes a common process to produce precise and complex parts. However, designers often encounter difficulties to design electrode used for orbiting purposes. Aside from adjusting the electrode for machining overcut, the electrode also has to consider for the chosen orbit motion into geometry design, otherwise the final product will not meet design requirements due to deviated product dimension. These two factors have to be adjusted concurrently, following the characteristic of spark machining influenced by orbital motion. There is no CAD package that currently supports geometry adjustment for orbiting motion of EDM process in the market. Therefore, designers always perform manual electrode compensation for both orbit motion as well machining overcut.

The primary function of an automotive horn is to alert pedestrians and other nearby vehicles to their safe passage on the road. Most of the human population is subjected to a certain amount of horn sound dosage daily. The study of automotive horn sound quality is equally important as their sound generation mechanism in passenger cars. The sound quality of automotive horns can be studied through subjective and objective test methods. In the present study, a subjective jury test and objective analysis using psychoacoustic parameters are conducted to classify car horn sound samples according to pleasantness. Twenty-two car horns, consisting of a disc and shell, are chosen for binaural sound recording. The recorded sound samples are used for subjective and objective analysis. Thirty members participated in the jury test, and a semantic differential method was used to collect the user response. The Tukey range test is used to classify the subjective test data.

Indirect rotary transducer for an automotive screen interface is an innovative solution for the smart cockpit. The primary objective of this study is to design an indirect rotary transducer system, and study its feasibility in the smart cockpit. The working theory of this designed system is that the magnetic induction hall electronic chip can detect changes in the magnetic field. Several tests have been conducted, which show that the hypothesis of dangling operating system achieves the same effect as a hard-wired operating system. The results of the experiment indicate that the magnetic induction hall sensor can meet the specification of traditional hard-wired operating system. This system is a good concept for intelligent cab driving, which can fully meet the needs of the current market.

This paper presents the design of an intelligent combat maneuvering system capable of aiding operators of unmanned vehicles in critical situations to defend themselves from attack and destruction from either manned or unmanned air threats. The system consists of an intelligent associate system which monitors environmental constraints and interacts with the operator to maintain situational awareness. The architecture uses pre-computed maneuvers based upon the dynamics of the vehicle. The goal of the system design is to provide on-board reactive behaviors and variable levels of autonomy that allow the operator and the vehicle to collaborate in the execution of aggressive combat maneuvers.

In order to facilitate the decision-making activities in engineering design, formal computation of imprecise information is necessary. This study shows a method to formally compute the imprecision associated with both design-relevant (graphical) information and design requirements for facilitating the decision making activities in design. The proposed method uses a compliance analysis based approach. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by using a case study. The implications of this study (i.e., collaborative design decision systems) are also outlined.

Humanity has been interested in magnetism for over 300 years. Many authors have studied the use of applied magnetism to change the properties of products and expand the use of magnetic processing in ship repair production [1, 2]. Experience shows that magnetic pulse processing (MPP) is a simple and economical way to increase the durability of metal-cutting tools, increase the resource of the most worn parts of machines and mechanisms, and increase the durability of friction units, assembly units, and structures during their repair and manufacture. MPP has a number of advantages: simplicity of electromagnetic energy concentration on the product, its rapid accumulation by the material of the working elements of the part, and the efficiency of improving the operational characteristics (processing time is 0.3 ... 2.0 s with insignificant energy consumption).

The demands imposed on a braking system of passenger cars, under wide range of operating conditions, are high and manifold. Improvement of automotive braking systems' performance, under different operating conditions, is complicated by the fact that braking process has stochastic nature. The automotive brake's performance primarily affected the braking system's performance because their performance results from the complex interrelated phenomena occurring in the contact of the friction pair. These complex braking phenomena are mostly affected by the physicochemical properties of friction materials ingredients, its manufacturing conditions, and brake's operation regimes. Analytical models of brakes performance are difficult, even impossible to obtain due to complex and highly nonlinear phenomena involved during braking. That is why, in this paper all relevant influences on the disc brake operation of a passenger car have been integrated by means of artificial neural networks.

Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) are projected as one of the solutions to the world's need for cleaner and more fuel-efficient vehicles. The efficacy of a Hybrid Electric Vehicle lies in its control strategy. The diligent use of the two power sources, namely the internal combustion engine (ICE) and the electric motor (EM) determines the fuel consumption, the emissions output, and the charge-sustaining behavior of the vehicle, while still maintaining drivability. In this paper, a tunable control structure is developed that enables one to determine the torque split between the IC engine and the electric motor based on efficiency and emissions. Traffic and elevation information from Global Positioning Systems (GPS) over an entire trip is assumed to be known and is used in an adaptive fuzzy logic controller (FLC). An instantaneous control strategy for a parallel HEV is continuously modified based on future driving conditions.

This paper discusses the use of intelligent control techniques for the control of a parallel hybrid electric vehicle powertrain. Artificial neural networks and fuzzy logic are used to implement a load leveling strategy. The resulting vehicle control unit, a supervisory controller, coordinates the powertrain components. The presented controller has the ability to adapt to different drivers and driving cycles. This allows a control strategy which includes both fuel-economy and performance modes. The strategy was implemented on the Ohio State University FutureCar.

Operating level of a metal-belt CVT mainly rest with the ECU. Conventional control strategies which were obtained from tests or PID controller can not correspond to the driver’s intention or provide various driving environments. It is considered that control targets of metal-belt CVT could be distinguished by a speed ratio, line pressure and starting element till now. Running performance of automobile with a CVT mainly depends on the speed ratio control. An adapted fuzzy logic ratio control algorithm is suggested and optimized. A throttle position and its changing rate will be inputs of the FLC to meet the driver’s intention and make the intelligent control come true. A fuzzy logic line pressure control algorithm is also suggested and optimized corresponding to the complicated high line pressure control.

During the Phase III test of the Lunar-Mars Life Support Test Project, wheat was used to supplement air revitalization for a crew habitat. Carbon dioxide from the crew was transferred to a plant growth chamber containing wheat. Oxygen from the wheat was stored for crew respiration and waste incineration. The Three Tier (3T) control architecture was used to automate the transfer of gases between the plant and crew chambers. 3T automatically managed limited resources (oxygen) and selected among alternative control strategies. It easily integrated with heterogeneous data systems. Using 3T significantly reduced test engineer workload. This paper describes using 3T for air revitalization.

With the development and introduction of advanced vehicle control systems such as intelligent cruise control (ICC) and forward collision avoidance systems (FCAS), many safety and human factors issues specific to these control systems are being raised. This paper addresses some issues that, to date, are still matters for discussion and consideration amongst system designers. Aimed principally at the implementation of ICC, some items naturally lend themselves to the design of forward collision avoidance systems as well. Specific issues discussed include: seat belt lock-out systems, foot placement sensing, and adjustable headway.

Most heavy-duty vehicles including trucks, tractors, buses, ambulances, refrigerated trailers, passenger vehicles, electric vehicles and boats have high amp Direct Current systems. Unlike the majority of components and systems in such vehicles, DC electrical systems have undergone very few major improvements in recent years. The Intelligent Power Management System discussed in this paper can offer significant improvements in the DC power management of such vehicles. The primary benefits of this system include: improved reliability of all electrical components, early warning of impending failures, extended service life, optimized generation, storage and use of power, and reduced maintenance cost and vehicle downtime. This paper will describe the Intelligent Power Management System, its design, applications and benefits.

In situations of unanticipated maneuvers of an aircraft, information must be immediately received by the aircrew for correcting the aircraft flight path to a safe trajectory for continued flight and landing. These maneuvers may be due to failures in the control system, wind gust upsets, or other off-nominal conditions. Also critical are situations of control maneuvers that exceed the normal flight envelope of the aircraft, and providing information to the pilot and control system that will result in safe return to controllable flight. The Intelligent Damage Adaptive Control System (IDACS) operates during flight to detect dangerous conditions of the aircraft and to provide the crew with assistance to restore and to maintain safe control. This system is being developed by Boeing for NASA.

To address the limitations of traditional data acquisition systems, The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has developed a system called the Micro Data Acquisition System (Micro-DAS). The system is very small and can be installed into a variety of vehicles in a short time period. It's video recording system is capable of collecting over 22 hours of full-motion video and data acquisition is triggered based on user created events. Using these features the system allows information on driver behavior and performance, vehicle performance, and roadway environments to be recorded in-situ, ensuring real world data collection without concerns associated with vehicle familiarity or researcher presence.

Non-recurring incidents on our nation's freeways is estimated to cost over $60 billion a year. The challenge is to develop an effective methodology to electronically identify these incidents quickly in order to manage the freeway operation and restore the facility to its optimum operating level in the minimum time. Single vehicle loop detectors have traditionally been used to measure occupancy on the freeway segments as a means of determining when incidents have occurred. Most incident detection algorithms using the traditional occupancy parameter have either taken too long to report an incident or they have given an excessive number of false alarms. Trap travel time obtained from two loops in each lane is shown in this paper to have the promise of much faster detection of the incidents with a lower false alarm rate.

In order to improve the vehicle economy of electric vehicles, this paper first analyzes the energy-saving mechanism of electric vehicles. Taking the energy consumption of the deceleration process as a starting point, this paper deeply analyzes the energy consumption of the deceleration process under several different control modes by the test data, so as to obtain two principles that should be followed in energy-saving control strategy. Then, an intelligent deceleration energy-saving control strategy by getting the forward vehicle information is developed. The overall architecture of the control strategy consists of three parts: information processing, target calculation and torque control. The first part is mainly to obtain the forward vehicle information from the perception systems, and the user's habits information from big data, and this information is processed for the next part.

Regarding the development of an aircraft assembly process, this paper will illustrate the intelligent decision and policies of the aircraft assembly process based on technician experience. A model of the knowledge management system of the aircraft assembly process is developed to avoid the complexity of the entire aircraft or aircraft product assembly process. Firstly, According to the characteristics of the knowledge management system of the aircraft assembly process, the aircraft assembly process has been discussed to realize the decision of the aircraft assembly process. Secondly, intelligent decision-making in the aircraft assembly process has been established based on the knowledge management system and aircraft assembly process library that is oriented to the assembly process requirements employing an assembly process reasoning method.