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A newly developed turbocharging system, named MIXPC, is proposed and the performance of the proposed system applied to diesel engines is evaluated. The aim of this proposed system is to reduce the scavenging interference between cylinders, and to lower the pumping loss in cylinders and the brake specific fuel consumption. In addition, exhaust manifolds of simplified design can be constructed with small dimensions, low weight and a single turbine entry. A simulation code based on a second-order FVM+TVD (finite volume method + total variation diminishing) is developed and used to simulate engines with MIXPC. By simulating a 16V280ZJG diesel engine using the MPC turbocharging system and MIXPC, it is found that not only the average scavenging coefficient of MIXPC is larger than that of MPC, but also cylinders of MIXPC have more homogeneous scavenging coefficients than that of MPC, and the pumping loss and BSFC of MIXPC are lower than those of MPC.

The paper is based upon the results of tests made by the Purdue Engineering Experiment Station to study the effect upon engine performance of varying the proportions of fuel to air in the mixture, and its object is to determine the variation in the mixture requirements of an engine at different rates of flow of air through the carbureter. The method of conducting the tests is described. The results are plotted in the charts shown and are discussed in some detail, special discussion regarding the effect of speed and load being presented, and the facts brought out by the tests are summarized. In the general discussion that follows, four definite conclusions regarding the richness of the fuel mixture in its relation to the maximum power are stated, and a like number of definite conclusions concerning the richness of the mixture in relation to maximum efficiency are also given.

The Multi-Layer Steel (MLS) cylinder head gasket's combustion seal feature that we commonly refer to as a stopper, is a zone of the gasket at the bore opening which is thicker than the rest of the gasket. MLS gaskets with stoppers have traditionally been constructed of either a thin folded layer (0.10-0.15mm), an embossed spacer layer, a welded shim, or combinations of multiple layers folded in complex relationships. The “Wave Stopper” design is a new method of integrating the stopper effect into an active layer (spring steel layer with mechanical embossments functioning as springs). A single layer with the wave stopper can now perform the double function of both a stopper and an active layer with one layer. The wave stopper height can be optimized to meet the rigidity requirements of each individual engine, and can even be easily contoured to provide topography if needed. We're not locked into a single constant stopper thickness all around the bore.

MLS (Multi-layer steel) CHG ( Cylinder Head gasket) designs play a major role in today's sealing approach for internal combustion engine. However, as a member between cylinder block and cylinder head, it not only has a sealing function, but also influences the hardware structure. The knowledge of their interaction is critical to fulfill all necessary requirements. This paper discusses different MLS CHG designs and how they influence the hardware's structure while maintaining the seal of the assembly. Therefore, we investigate major parameters like sealing stress, sealing gap lift-off, bore distortion and etc. A comparison is made between different designs, using experimental data as well as finite element analysis. Because of the vast number of designs and their interactions between the hardware and gasket, the focus is on basic trends of their influences.

This paper discusses the results of a series of flight tests conducted at various locations. The purpose of the flights were to obtain accuracy performance measures. Flights were conducted at the FAA Technical Center, Atlantic City, N.J., Tamiami Airport in Miami, Florida, and Lebanon, New Hampshire. The flight tests conducted at Atlantic City included computed centerline approaches in which the azimuth transmitter was offset 500 feet and 1000 feet from the runway centerline. The Lebanon flight test consisted of a computed centerline approach where the azimuth is more than 400 feet off the runway centerline. A series of precision approaches were conducted during the flight tests at Tamiami Airport. These included a multi-segment glide path on the runway where the equipment was sited, an approach to a parallel runway (3500 feet offset) and an approach to an intersecting runway.

This paper discusses the integration of a Microwave Landing System and an Inertial Navigation System. The system is built by Lear Siegler, Inc. (LSI) for pallet installation on the USAF C-141 transport aircraft. The main emphasis of this paper is the MLS/INS integration using a constant gain filter algorithm. The system was simulated in the lab, bench tested, and later flight tested on the C-141 using the MLS facilities at Wallops Island, VA. This work was completed for the USAF/ASD under Contract F33615-85-C-3603.

MMARS (Moon/MArs-base Resource Simulator) is a computer program that automatically generates quantitative summaries of the physical resources (components and facilities) required for normal operation of a planned planetary base or other large project. The user enters a small set of base task descriptors which define the goal or purpose of the base, and the program automatically adds all components, facilities, and functions needed to support that task. And because the support components added also generate a need for support themselves (any component may require power, or labor to operate, for example), MMARS continues, in recursive fashion, to add components and facilities to support the growing list of components and facilities, until the demand for new resources no longer increases.

An all aluminum cylinder block with a Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) cylinder bore was developed which made it possible to re-design the base engine for high performance with a bore-to-bore distance as narrow as 5.5mm. The cylinder block is an open deck type and the MMC preform consists of alumina-silica fibers and mulite particles. A laminar flow die cast process was selected to ensure defect-free MMC bore quality. To insure good lubrication, electrochemical machining was applied to the bore surface. By use of radioisotope(RI) measurements, MMC reinforcement was optimized for wear characteristics. Particular attention was paid to use of fuels with high sulfur levels.

A new type of Aluminum piston has been developed to meet the stringent emissions and durability requirements of high output Diesel engines for the 1990's. The successful application of Metal Matrix Composite reinforcements to the superior combination of production squeeze casting and single-axis turning provides a solution for most of the identifiable problems of this class of engines, e.g.- increased peak pressures, improved K factor & improved oil economy. A simultaneous design/manufacturing/quality approach insured the reliability and cost effectiveness of this concept compared with other potential solutions.

The concepts of the Thought Lean applied to the Movement of Materials in all the Supply Chain through the MMF, a structuralized Methodology: 4 Stages of the MMF: PFEP - Plan Will be Every Part. It is a Logistic Plan for Each Part through one I register in cadastre only of all items with data of engineering, process, logistic, purchases and expedition. This can more allow better to analysis and taking of decisions with integrated data. Market of bought parts - management of the materials Allows better and prevents redundant points of storage for the company. Routes of supplying - the resources of supplying the lines between the staff of the logistic one and the production optimize. They eliminate stops for lacks of components and reduces losses of space for unnecessary storages. Signaling to pull - they are systems of management of the information to assure that the consumed parts will be replenished

The Multi Material Lightweight Vehicle (MMLV), developed by Magna International and Ford Motor Company, is a result of US Department of Energy project DE-EE0005574. The project demonstrated the lightweighting potential of a five-passenger sedan while maintaining vehicle performance and occupant safety. Prototype vehicles were manufactured and limited full-vehicle testing was conducted. The Mach-I vehicle design, comprised of commercially-available materials and production processes, achieved a 364 kg (23.5%) full-vehicle mass reduction. This resulted in environmental benefits and fuel economy improvements. A significant factor in the overall MMLV mass reduction was the decrease in the powertrain system weight from 340 kg (conventional) to 267 kg (MMLV). This enabled the application of a 1.0-liter three-cylinder engine as the main powerplant. By downsizing the engine, and by implementing material changes within the engine, the weight of the dressed engine was lowered by 29 kg.

This paper details the lightweighting efforts of the Ford Research & Advanced Transmission team as part of the Multi Material Lightweight Vehicle Project. The Multi Material Lightweight Vehicle (MMLV) developed by Magna International and Ford Motor Company is a result of a US Department of Energy project DE-EE0005574. The project demonstrates the lightweighting potential of a five passenger sedan, while maintaining vehicle performance and occupant safety. Prototype vehicles were manufactured and limited full vehicle testing was conducted. The Mach-I vehicle design, comprised of commercially available materials and production processes, achieved a 364kg (23.5%) full vehicle mass reduction, enabling the application of a 1.0-liter three cylinder engine resulting in a significant environmental benefits and fuel consumption reduction.

While weight reduction in automotive design and manufacturing has been on-going for several years, in the area of powertrain technology lightweighting has been a difficult challenge to overcome due to functional requirements, as well as material and manufacturing constraints. The Multi Material Lightweight Vehicle (MMLV) developed by Magna International and Ford Motor Company is a result of US Department of Energy project DE-EE0005574. The project demonstrates the lightweighting potential of a five passenger sedan, while maintaining vehicle performance and occupant safety. Prototype vehicles were manufactured and limited full vehicle testing was conducted. The Mach-I vehicle design, comprised of commercially available materials and production processes, achieved a 364kg (23.5%) full vehicle mass reduction, enabling the application of a 1.0-liter three-cylinder engine resulting in a significant environmental benefit and fuel reduction.

The Multi Material Lightweight Vehicle (MMLV) developed by Magna International and Ford Motor Company is a result of a US Department of Energy project DE-EE0005574. The project demonstrates the lightweighting potential of a five passenger sedan, while maintaining vehicle performance and occupant safety. Prototype vehicles were manufactured and limited full vehicle testing was conducted. The Mach-I vehicle design, comprised of commercially available materials and production processes, achieved a 364kg (23.5%) full vehicle mass reduction, enabling the application of a 1.0-liter three-cylinder engine resulting in a significant environmental benefits and fuel consumption reduction. As part of this project, several automotive chassis components were selected for development and evaluation on the MMLV C/D segment passenger sedan.

The Multi Material Lightweight Vehicle (MMLV) developed by Magna International and Ford Motor Company was a result of a US Department of Energy project DE-EE0005574. The project demonstrated the lightweighting potential of a five passenger sedan while maintaining vehicle performance and occupant safety. Prototype vehicles were manufactured and limited full vehicle testing was conducted. The Mach-I vehicle design, comprised of commercially available materials and production processes, achieved a 364 kg (23.5%) full vehicle mass reduction, enabling the application of a 1.0-liter three cylinder engine resulting in significant environmental benefit and increased fuel economy. This paper includes details of the materials, surface treatments and assembly processes for the two MMLV prototype corrosion vehicles. Two corrosion mitigation strategies are documented.

The Multi Material Lightweight Vehicle (MMLV) developed by Magna International and Ford Motor Company is a result of a US Department of Energy (DOE) project DE-EE0005574. The project demonstrates the lightweighting potential of a five passenger sedan, while achieving frontal crash test performance comparable to the baseline vehicle. Prototype vehicles were manufactured and limited full vehicle testing was conducted. The Mach-I vehicle design, comprised of commercially available materials and production processes, achieved a 364 kg (23.5%) full vehicle mass reduction, enabling the application of a 1.0 liter three-cylinder engine, leading to the potential for reduced environmental impact and improved fuel economy.

The Multi Material Lightweight Vehicle (MMLV) developed by Magna International and Ford Motor Company is a result of a US Department of Energy project DE-EE0005574. The project demonstrates the lightweighting potential of a five passenger sedan, while maintaining vehicle performance and occupant safety. Prototype vehicles were manufactured and limited full vehicle testing was conducted. The Mach-I vehicle design, comprised of commercially available materials and production processes, achieved a 364kg (23.5%) full vehicle mass reduction, enabling the application of a 1.0-liter three-cylinder engine resulting in a significant environmental benefit and fuel reduction. This paper reviews the mass reduction and structural performance of aluminum, magnesium, and steel components for a lightweight multi material door design for a C/D segment passenger vehicle. Stiffness, durability, and crash requirements are assessed.