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Recent design changes in wheel tractors have required fluid properties not available in Type A fluids, engine oils, or hydraulic fluids. The most important deficiencies are load carrying ability and rust protection. To satisfy requirements of their machines, some manufacturers have found it necessary to merchandise special fluids. This has solved the problem of providing a satisfactory fluid, but has created serious field service problems. Owners must stock and learn the application of many different fluids as use of the wrong fluid can cause serious damage. Fluids may get mixed when using remote cylinders with different tractors. The resulting mixture may be inadequate for one or both machines. The only solution to the problem, satisfactory for both manufacturer and user, is the development of a standardized fluid or fluids.

Since the end of World War II there has been substantial progress in the development and marketing of frozen food products, and the equipment and facilities to transport, store, and distribute them. However, greater coordination is needed between trailer manufacturers and manufacturers of refrigeration units to provide equipment that will perform according to required standards, be easy and economical to maintain, and be reliable.

The Seattle Monorail was built to demonstrate its potential as a rapid mass transportation media. Installed in conjunction with the World’s Fair, the route extends from the fairgrounds to the central business district. Constructed in one of the city’s main downtown streets, the work progressed while maintaining nearly normal traffic flow. Structural and construction features of the supporting units are described. Data and information on the rolling stock is included. The completed system represents a new approach to high volume passenger movement in urban areas.

The past three decades have witnessed new types of excavation machinery and technological improvements in existing machinery. Through use of bigger, heavier, and more powerful equipment, excavators of 1962 perform work at a direct job unit cost no higher than their 1930 counterparts. Major developments have come about principally due to improved engines, tires, and alloy steels. A review of the capabilities of present day power shovels, crawler tractors, dump trucks, graders, and road builders is included. In the future this industry will see automation whereby the operation of fleets of earth movers will be handled from remote control centers.

Trials of remote controlled bulldozers show them to be easy to operate. Military advantages of remote controlled bulldozers are: battlefield construction; breaching chemical, radiological, or biological barrier zones; fire fighting; and negociating polar terrain. Commercial applications are: open pit mining; fire fighting; operations in toxic atmospheres; and others.

This paper reports the accomplishments to date, along with the scheduled future projects of the SAE Construction and Industrial Machinery Technical Committee’s Subcommittee XVIII “Human Engineering.” The Committee has developed an SAE Recommended Practice “Male Physical Dimensions - Construction and Industrial Equipment Design” which provides charts and data for use by engineering designers. This Recommended Practice should result in easier and simpler operation and maintenance of equipment through the incorporation of greater standardization, accessibility, legibility, reduced effort, and improved physical comfort.

This is a discussion of the more important factors that contribute to the performance of a moldboard plow and its effect on the tractor. Integral, semi-integral, and drawn plows are covered. Results of many field tests illustrating the influence of the factors discussed are presented in graph form.

This paper describes a deficiency in the geometry of most straight bulldozers that causes excessive side loads in the push arms, especially when equipped with tilt cylinders. The loading on a conventional bulldozer is described, and an ideal geometry that will reduce the maximum loads is defined. Some new designs are proposed that have the proper geometry and reduce the side loads to a minimum.

This paper covers the development and features of a unique narrow aisle gas fork lift truck. It shows how three individually selective types of hydraulic circuits are utilized for a hydrostatic drive to power a rotatable front end - load assembly in a vehicle which is a new approach to narrow aisle stacking. The result is a lift truck which uses narrow aisles for storing material and retains the speed, utility, and endurance of conventional equipment.

An ideal industrial tractor is a loader-tractor combination with a high strength, durable frame, good maneuvering characteristics; easy operation; minimum maintenance; and low cost. The design and specifications of such a unit, the International 3414 loader tractor, is described in this paper.

The purpose of this paper is to properly instruct the user of Epoxy Resin so as to avoid difficulties in constructing Die Aids, Checking Fixtures and Duplicate Body Die Models.

The John Deere Waterloo Tractor Works, as manufacturers of farm tractors, does not manufacture oil seals. We rely on the manufacturers of oil seals for design assistance. After establishing the initial design, laboratory and field tests are required for verification. One of the seal applications is on the crankshaft which must keep crankcase and transmission lubricants separated. Reliability and long life are imperative. Alertness as to the effect of detail changes on seal life is necessary to maintain long service life. The front wheel bearing seals may be subjected to submersion in water and mud. Packing, lip and face type seals have been tested with the face type proving the most rugged, although the most costly of the three types. A problem of design and space which was encountered in a hydraulic pump was overcome by design changes in the seal and in the pump. Constant vigilance on assembly methods and tool maintenance is a requirement to keep quality level high.

Railroad diesel locomotives have been powered with high grade all-distillate type fuels since their introduction. Such fuels have given excellent over-all performance. Recently, stationary locomotive tests conducted on the New York Central Railroad have indicated that a residual-distillate type fuel of 300 SSU viscosity at 100°F. gives satisfactory operation in an EMD F-7 freight locomotive equipped with a 567 B-16 engine when used in conjunction with a dual-fuel system. It is further indicated that the dual-fuel system appears practical for railroad operation. The use of the dual-fuel system was found to be necessary because operation with residual-distillate type fuel at the lower throttle positions was unsatisfactory. Distillate fuel is there fore required in these throttle positions. A field test is now in progress on the EMD F-7 test locomotive equipped with a dual-fuel system and using 300 SSU at 100°F. viscosity residual-distillate type fuel.